Apparatus for ascertaining the composition of any boiling mixture of liquids.



O. VON LINDE.

APPARATUS FOR ASOERTAININGTHE COMPOSITION OF ANY BOILING MIXTURE OFLIQUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.18, 190s.

999,574. Patented Aug". 1, 1911.

Fig. I.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\ CARL VON LINDE, 0F MUNICH, GERMANY; ASSIGNOR T0 LINDE AIR PRODUCTSCOMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING- THE COMPOSITION OF ANY BOILING MIXTURE OFLIQUIDS:

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 1, 1911 Application filed February 18, 1908. Serial No.416,463.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL VON LINDE,'professor, of the city of Munich,Kingdom of Bavaria, German Empire, have invented a certain new anduseful Apparatus for Ascertaining the Composition of Any Boiling Mixtureof Liquids, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to an apparatus for ascertaining and forrecording, whenever possible, the composition of boiling mixtures ofliquid in each particular case.

The invention is based upon the fact, that at a given pressure (at thepressure of the atmosphere for instance) a certain saturatingtemperature corresponds to every composition of a boiling mixture ofliquids, and inversely a certain definite saturating pressurecorresponds to a given temperature. When a vessel in which a certainquantity of the mixture of liquids of known composition is contained, isplaced into the same mixture of liquids in the boiling state, thetemperature of the mixtures of liquids in the normal condition ofinertia will be the same within and without the vessel, so that therewill be equal saturating pressures only in case the composition of themixture is the same within and without the vessel. For every othercomposition however, there will exist a certain difference between thesaturating pressures which may serve as a means for measuring thecomposition of the liquid, boiling at the outside of the vessel in eachcase. Hence, it will be possible (1) to read off on a suitably locatedpressure gage the composition of the boiling liquid in every moment, (2)to cause the recording of changes in the composition of the boilingmixture of liquids by a recording pressure gage; (3) to indicate thepoint of exceeding certain limits of the difference of pressures, or ofthe compositions by alarm signals.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a diagrammatical view of theapparatus and Fig. 2 a similar view of the same appaof the conduit a,the pressure prevailing in g s transmitted to the pressure gage which 1sconnected to the boiler G at the point I), so that the difference oflevels h mdicates the difference of pressures of the two l quids attheboiling temperature t at the tune being. Now, to each value of hcorresponds a certain composition of the boiling liquid mixture, andfrom the physlcal constants of the particular liquid mixture a scale maybe computed which may be attached to the pressure gage, and whichthereby allows the direct reading oil of the composition; at least incase the mixture consists of two different liquids only. When theevaporation takes place under atmospheric pressure, the connecting partb may be dispensed with.

In the case of a mixture of liquids which at the ordinary temperaturecan only exist 1n the gaseous state, such for instance as atmosphericair, it will be of advantage, to include in the conduit a vessel f withpressure gage m and shutting valve Q) in accordance with Fig. 2, thisvessel being able to take up at the ordinary temperature such a quantityof gas mixture of known composition without going beyond the allowablepressure, as is required for the fillin of the vessel 9 with thenecessary amount of When the apparatus is not in operation and at theordinary temperature, this amount of gas mixture will be found to beevenly distributed in the system of apparatus formed by the vessels 1and g, the pressure gage m and the pipe a up to the closed valve 12.When the apparatus is operated and the vessel G is filled with liquid,the gas mixture contained in the system, will be liquetied in the vessel9, the valve 41 may be opened and the pressure gage q will then indicatedirectly the difference of pressure, corresponding to the composition ofthe liquid in the vessel G. When the operation of the apparatus isinterrupted, the valve '0 is closed. Now when the liquid disappears inthe vessel G, and the apparatus becomes heated up, the liquid evaporatesin the vessel 9 and the gas mixture becomes distributed again uniformlyin the entire above-mentioned system at a pressure, indicated by thepressure gage m. Thus, one and the same quantity of the gas mixture ofknown composition may be utilized during as many liquid.

operation periods of the apparatus, as ever desired. 1

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is

1. Apparatus for ascertaining the combination of any boiling mixture offluids, comprising a boiler to contain the fluid to be tested, a vesselwithin said boiler in position to be immersed in said fluid and forcontain- 7 ing a fluid mixture of known composition, a pressure gagehaving a movable element and located wholly exteriorly of. said boilerand said vessel, and connected at one side of its movable element withthe said vessel, and said gage having the other side of its movableelement subjected to a diflerent pressure, whereby said movable elementacts differentially in regard to the two pressures.

2. Apparatus for ascertaining the compo sition of any boiling mixture offluids, comprising a boiler to contain fluid to be tested, means forheating said-fluid, a vessel located within said boiler so as to beimmersed in said fluid and for containing a fluid mixture of knowncomposition, a U-shaped pressure gage located wholly exteriorly of theboiler and vessel and having a liquid movable member, one arm of saidgage communicating with the boiler and the other member of said agecommunicating with the vessel in said holler.

3. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of twocontainers, one disposed within and separated from the wall of theother, a gage, a valved pipe connecting said gage with the innercontainer, a second gage communicating with said pipe between the valvetherein and the inner con-' tainer, and a pipe connecting saidfirst-mentioned gage with the outer container.

4. Apparatus for ascertaining the com osition of any particular mixtureof boiling liquids, which consists of an outer container for a boilingmixture of liquids, an inner container having therein the same mixtureof liquids of known composition, and arranged in the liquid of the outercontainer, 3, pressure gage for indicating the difference in the twopressures, said gage located exteriorly of the said containers andconnected on the one hand to the inner container and on the other handto the space above the liquid of the outer container, so as to be underthe pressure of the liquid boiling mixture without being subjected todirect heat from the liquids within said containers.

5. Apparatus for ascertaining the composition of any particular mixtureof liquids, which consists of an outer boiling liquid containing vessel,an inner container (g) a pressure gage intermediate between saidcontainers, and an additional vessel (f) and a pressure gage (m),connected to the latter vessel, and a valve ('0) between saidpressure'gages, for the purpose of utilizing the process for mixture ofliquids which can only exist in the gaseous state at the ordinarytemperature. 4

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

' CARL VON LINDE.

Witnesses:

ABRAHAM SCHLESINGER, LOUIS F. MUELLER.

